Pwbd full form is Person with Benchmark Disability as per the rights of persons, with disability act 2016. A person with a disability will be considered to have a benchmark disability if she or he has at least 40% disability as per the certificate or UDID Card issued by a government authority. By writing PWBD (Person with Benchmark Disability) the government tries to eradicate confusion among disabled candidates’ category automatically exclude those who have less than 40% disability. Here is all about the Pwbd full form ana benchmark disability category explained.
- What is the meaning of 40% benchmark disability?
- Specified disabilities are mentioned in this schedule of the RPWD act 2016.
- Difference between PWD and PWBD category Explained
- How to Register Online?
- What Are The 4 Categories Of Disabilities?
- Is Autism A Disability?
- What Are The 10 Causes Of Disability?
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Conclusion
The act lays stress on nondiscrimination and full effective participation, acceptation, and respect for disabilities as part of equal opportunity and to preserve their identities. The principal tries to reflect a shift in thinking about this ability from a social welfare concern to a human rights issue.
The RPWD Act, 2016 provides that the appropriate government shall ensure that the PWBD enjoys the right to equality, life with dignity, and respect for his or her integrity equally with others.
What is the meaning of 40% benchmark disability?
The 40% benchmark disability refers to the level of disability at which a person is considered to have a “severe” disability. The percentage is used as a benchmark to determine the level of support and accommodations that are needed to help a person with a disability participate in daily activities, education, and employment.
In India, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act 2016, defines a person with benchmark disability as a person with not less than 40% of a specified disability . A person with benchmark disability is eligible for various benefits such as reservation in government jobs, education and other public places, financial assistance, scholarships, and many other benefits as per the RPWD act.
It’s important to note that different countries and organizations might have their own benchmarking system and their own percentage to define a severe disability .
To be in the category of benchmark disability a person needs to have at least 40% disability of any type recognized under the RPWD Act 2016 new article 21 types of disabilities are there. Specified disability means the disabilities are specified in this schedule of the RPWD in 2016.
The list has been expanded from 7 to 21 conditions and now it also includes the following
- Cerebral palsy
- Dwarfism
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Acid attack victims
- Hard of hearing
- Speech and language disability
- Specific learning disabilities
- Autism spectrum disorders
- Chronic neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease
- Blood disorders such as hemophilia, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia
- Multiple disabilities
Other specified disabilities are mentioned in this schedule of the RPWD act 2016.
PWBD
The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act 2016, includes provisions for the welfare and empowerment of Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PWBD). In the act, are defined as persons with not less than 40% of any of the specified disabilities mentioned in the schedule of the act. The schedule of the RPWD act 2016, mentions 14 specified disabilities, which includes Blindness, Low-vision, Leprosy-cured, Hearing impairment, Locomotor disability, Dwarfism, Intellectual disability, Mental illness, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Chronic Neurological conditions, Specific Learning Disabilities and Multiple Disabilities.
The act provides for various benefits and services for PWBDs such as:
- Reservation in government jobs and educational institutions
- Access to assistive devices and rehabilitation services
- Access to education in an inclusive environment
- Access to public buildings and other public places
- Access to financial assistance and support from the National Fund for the welfare of persons with disabilities
- Access to schemes and programs for the welfare and empowerment of PWBDs
- Protection from discrimination and abuse
The act also states that the government must take steps to ensure that PWBDs are able to fully participate in the social, economic, and political life of the country, and that they are able to realize their full potential.
Reservation
The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act 2016, includes provisions for reservation of vacancies in government jobs, educational institutions, and other public places for persons with disabilities. The act states that at least 4% of the total number of vacancies in government jobs, and at least 5% of the total number of seats in educational institutions, must be reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities .
This act also includes provisions for the reservation of seats on public transport, and in public buildings and other public places . The act also states that the government must take steps to ensure that persons with disabilities have access to public buildings and other public places, and that these places are made accessible through the use of appropriate technology.
The schedule of the RPWD act 2016, mentions 14 specified disabilities, which includes Blindness, Low-vision, Leprosy-cured, Hearing impairment, Locomotor disability, Dwarfism, Intellectual disability, Mental illness, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Chronic Neurological conditions, Specific Learning Disabilities and Multiple Disabilities . These specified disabilities are entitled to the benefits provided by the act for reservation.
It’s important to note that the reservation for persons with disabilities is not limited to the government sector but also applicable to the private sector as well, in case of employment or education .
Education
The act specifically states that the government must ensure that children with disabilities have the right to free education in an inclusive environment, until the age of 18 years.
The act also makes provisions for the reservation of seats for persons with disabilities in educational institutions. It also states that educational institutions must provide reasonable accommodations and assistive devices for persons with disabilities, and that the curriculum should be inclusive and accessible for persons with disabilities .
The schedule of the RPWD act 2016, mentions 14 specified disabilities, which includes Blindness, Low-vision, Leprosy-cured, Hearing impairment, Locomotor disability, Dwarfism, Intellectual disability, Mental illness, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Chronic Neurological conditions, Specific Learning Disabilities and Multiple Disabilities . These specified disabilities are entitled to the benefits provided by the act for education.
The act also states that the government must ensure that appropriate technology is used to make education accessible to all children with disabilities, and that the education system is made flexible to meet the needs of children with disabilities .
Special Fund
The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act 2016, provides for the creation of a National Fund for the welfare of persons with disabilities . This fund is intended to provide financial assistance for the rehabilitation, education, skill development, and empowerment of persons with disabilities. The fund is created and maintained by the central government and is administered by the National Trust for the welfare of persons with disabilities . The money for the fund is collected through various means such as grants, donations, and contributions from the central and state governments, and other organizations. The fund is used to provide financial assistance and support for the specified disabilities mentioned in the schedule of the RPWD Act 2016, such as Blindness, Low-vision, Leprosy-cured, Hearing impairment, Locomotor disability, Dwarfism, Intellectual disability, Mental illness, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Chronic Neurological conditions, Specific Learning Disabilities and Multiple Disabilities .
Difference between PWD and PWBD category Explained
In the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act 2016, “Persons with Disabilities” (PWDs) refers to all individuals who have a long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairment which, in interaction with various barriers, may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others .
“Persons with Benchmark Disabilities” (PWBDs) is a subcategory of PWDs defined in the act as persons with not less than 40% of any of the specified disabilities mentioned in the schedule of the act . These specified disabilities include Blindness, Low-vision, Leprosy-cured, Hearing impairment, Locomotor disability, Dwarfism, Intellectual disability, Mental illness, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Chronic Neurological conditions, Specific Learning Disabilities and Multiple Disabilities .
The main difference between PWD and PWBD category is that the latter is more severe in terms of the degree of disability. PWBDs are entitled to benefits, services, and reservations that are not available to them, such as reservation in government jobs and educational institutions, access to assistive devices and rehabilitation services, access to financial assistance and support from the National Fund for the welfare of persons with disabilities, and schemes and programs for the welfare and empowerment .
Another difference is that PWDs are protected under the act from discrimination and abuse, but PWBDs have more benefits and protection as they are considered to be more severe in terms of the degree of disability and may have more barriers to full participation in society
How to Register Online?
- A person with Disability needs to click on the register link to register with UDID Web Portal.
- Using the credentials PwD needs to log in to the system and click “Apply online for Disability Certificate. Reads instructions and fills up the online application.
- Then Upload color passport photos and other required documents like Income Proof, Identity Proof, and SC/ST/OBC proof as required.
- Submit data to CMO Office/Medical Authority.
- CMO Office/Medical Authority will verify data.
- CMO Office/Medical Authority assigns the concerned specialist(s) for assessment.
- Specialist Doctor assesses disability of PwD and gives an opinion on disability.
- Medical Board reviews the case and assigns disability percentages. CMO Office prepares Disability Certificate and generates UDID and Disability Certificate.
- UDID datasheet goes for UDID Card printing and Card dispatched to PwD.
What are the 4 categories of disabilities?
The four categories of disabilities are:
- Physical disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s ability to move or control their body, including conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, amputations, and spinal cord injuries.
- Sensory disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s ability to see, hear, or speak, including conditions such as blindness, deafness, and speech impairments.
- Intellectual disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s cognitive abilities and intellectual functioning, including conditions such as Down syndrome, autism, and intellectual developmental disorder.
- Psychiatric disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s mental health and emotional well-being, including conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.
Is Autism a disability?
Yes, autism is considered a disability. Autism is a developmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior . It is a lifelong condition that is typically diagnosed in early childhood, and it can range in severity from mild to severe. People with autism may have difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and may display repetitive or restrictive behaviors or interests. These difficulties can affect a person’s ability to function independently and can impact their daily life, education, and employment.
In many countries, including the United States, autism is considered a disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which provides protections against discrimination and requires employers, schools, and other institutions to provide reasonable accommodations to people with disabilities .
What are the 10 causes of disability?
The ten leading causes of disability worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), are:
- Mental health conditions: This includes conditions such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.
- Musculoskeletal conditions: This includes conditions that affect the muscles, bones, and joints, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and back pain.
- Cardiovascular diseases: This includes conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary artery disease and stroke.
- Neurological conditions: This includes conditions that affect the nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy.
- Chronic respiratory diseases: This includes conditions that affect the lungs and breathing, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis.
- Diabetes: This includes conditions that affect the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar levels, such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
- Cancer: This includes a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
- Hearing loss: This includes both age-related and noise-induced hearing loss.
- Vision impairment: This includes a range of conditions that affect the eyes and vision, such as cataracts and glaucoma.
- Substance use disorders: This includes conditions related to the use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1.What is the difference between PwD and PwBD?
Although both “PwD” and “PwBD” are used to refer to people with disabilities, their meanings might vary depending on the situation. A broad explanation of these words is provided
PwD (Person with Disabilities) is a general word used to describe people with a range of disabilities. It covers a broad spectrum of ailments, including as physical, sensory, intellectual, and mental impairments. The phrase is frequently used to encourage inclusivity and recognise the needs and rights of people with disabilities in many contexts and nations.
The term “Person with Benchmark Disability,” or “PwBD,” is only used in relation to India’s Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, or PwBD. PwBD, as defined by this statute, is a term used to describe those who have been
Q2.What is the PwBD category?
In India, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, recognises a specific classification of disabilities under the PwBD (Person with Benchmark Disability) category. The Act recognises 21 benchmark disabilities, sometimes known as categories of disabilities, and people who fit into these categories are referred to as PwBDs.
The Act recognises 21 kinds of baseline disability, including:
- Blindness
- vision
- Leprosy-free individuals
- impaired hearing
- Locomotor impairment
- Dwarfism
- intellectual handicap
- mentally ill
- Autism spectrum condition
- spinal palsy
- skeletal dystrophy
- persistent neurological disorders
- certain learning difficulties
- a number of sclerosis
- communication and language impairment
- Thalassemia
- Hemophilia
- Acute myeloid leukaemia
- Several impairments,
- including blindness and deafness
- victims of acid attacks
Q3.What is benchmark disability?
In India, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, defines and recognises a number of specific kinds and types of disabilities as “benchmark disabilities.” The Act designates 21 categories of disabilities as benchmark disabilities, ensuring that those who fall within these categories receive legal protection and equal access to opportunities.
The broad range of conditions covered by the benchmark disabilities recognised by the Act includes, but is not limited to, cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders, low vision, hearing impairment, locomotor disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and mental illnesses. These groups are designed to offer a thorough framework for comprehending and resolving the various demands and difficulties that people with disabilities encounter.
The Act seeks to advance inclusivity, accessibility, and non-discrimination in a variety of contexts by recognising benchmark disabilities.
Q4.What is the benchmark for UPSC disability?
The primary organisation in charge of holding numerous competitive exams for hiring into the Indian government’s civil services and other positions is the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). The benchmark for disability in the context of UPSC exams, including the Civil Services Examination, is based on the standards established under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 in India.
The Act states that 40% of a specific condition is the cutoff point for disability. This means that a candidate requesting accommodations or special consideration under the UPSC disability category must have a handicap that has been acknowledged and is estimated to be at least 40% severe according to the standards established for the specific impairment.
It’s significant to remember that the particular eligibility
Conclusion
PWBD are exempted from payment of examination fees irrespective of the fact whether the post is reserved/identified as suitable for PWDs . Relaxation of 10 years in the upper age limit is applicable irrespective of the fact whether the post is reserved or not, provided the post is identified as suitable for PWDs. In addition, the candidates belonging to OBC and SC/ST are eligible for normal relaxation of 3 and 5 years respectively.
