- Formation of Cyclone Nivar
- Path and Timeline of Cyclone Nivar
- Cyclone Nivar Intensity and Classification
- Impact on Indian States of Cyclone Nivar
- Damage to Infrastructure and Property of Cyclone Nivar
- Economic Impact of Cyclone Nivar
- Humanitarian Impact: Casualties and Relief Efforts of Cyclone Nivar
- Environmental Impact of Cyclone Nivar
- Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)
Formation of Cyclone Nivar
Warm Ocean Waters: Cyclone Nivar formed over the Bay of Bengal, where sea floor temperatures exceeded 26.5°C (about 80°F), providing the important warmness and moisture for cyclone development.
Low-Pressure System: A low-strain vicinity evolved withinside the area, that’s a crucial preliminary degree for cyclone formation. This low-strain device created an upward motion of air, main to the condensation of moisture.
Humidity withinside the Atmosphere: High tiers of humidity withinside the atmosphere, mainly withinside the decrease and mid-tiers, contributed to the typhoon`s development, taking into account extra moisture to gasoline the cyclone.
Convergence of Winds: The convergence of floor winds withinside the area helped prepare the device. The winds from exclusive guidelines met, growing a place of growing air, crucial for cyclonic activity.
Coriolis Effect: The rotation of the Earth (Coriolis effect) motivated the cyclone’s spin and shape, inflicting the device to increase a awesome rotation feature of tropical cyclones.
Vertical Wind Shear: Favorable vertical wind shear, which refers back to the alternate in wind velocity and path with altitude, allowed the typhoon to preserve its shape and electricity in place of dissipate.
Development of Cloud Bands: As the device organized, it evolved spiral rain bands, feature of tropical cyclones, which started out to wrap across the middle of the typhoon.
Intensification: Cyclone Nivar underwent a speedy intensification phase, with sustained winds growing to the “Severe Cyclonic Storm” category and sooner or later accomplishing the “Very Severe Cyclonic Storm” classification.
Formation of the Eye: A well-defined eye shaped on the middle of the cyclone, indicating a totally evolved typhoon with a relaxed middle surrounded through the eyewall, in which the most powerful winds are located.
Path and Timeline of Cyclone Nivar
| Date | Event | Details |
|---|---|---|
22 November | Formation of Low Pressure Area | A low-pressure area developed over the southeastern Bay of Bengal. |
| 23 November | Depression Formed | The low-pressure area intensified into a depression. |
| 24 November | Cyclonic Storm Development | The system further intensified and was classified as a cyclonic storm. |
| 25 November | Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Classification | Nivar intensified into a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm. |
| 25 November | Landfall Near Marakkanam, Tamil Nadu | Cyclone Nivar made landfall around midnight, with wind speeds reaching over 120 km/h (75 mph). |
| 26 November | Weakening of Cyclone | As Nivar moved inland, it began to weaken and dissipate, with heavy rainfall continuing. |
| 26 November | Flooding and Damage Reports | Reports of flooding and damage emerged from Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, and Andhra Pradesh. |
| 27 November | Post-Cyclone Assessment | The cyclone’s remnants moved further inland, and assessments of damage and relief operations began. |
| 28 November | Relief Operations Initiated | Government and NGOs began extensive relief efforts in affected areas. |
| 29 November | Recovery and Restoration Efforts | Restoration of power, communication, and transportation began across affected regions. |
Cyclone Nivar Intensity and Classification
Initial Classification: Cyclone Nivar began as a low-pressure place over the Bay of Bengal, that’s the start line for cyclonic formations.
Depression Status: On November 23, 2020, the machine intensified right into a melancholy, with wind speeds ranging among 30 to 60 km/h (18 to 37 mph).
Cyclonic Storm Status: By November 24, the melancholy had strengthened right into a cyclonic storm, with wind speeds exceeding 60 km/h (37 mph).
Severe Cyclonic Storm Classification: Nivar changed into upgraded to a “Severe Cyclonic Storm” at the identical day, with most sustained wind speeds among 90 to 110 km/h (56 to 68 mph).
Very Severe Cyclonic Storm: On November 25, Cyclone Nivar reached its top depth and changed into categorized as a “Very Severe Cyclonic Storm,” with wind speeds exceeding 120 km/h (75 mph).
Central Pressure: The minimal principal strain of Cyclone Nivar dropped drastically all through its top, that’s indicative of a robust storm machine. The central strain changed into predicted to be around 980 hPa.
Eye Formation: As it intensified, a well-described eye formed, function of a mature tropical cyclone, indicating prepared shape and strength.
Landfall Winds: When Nivar made landfall close to Marakkanam, Tamil Nadu, it had sustained wind speeds of around 120 km/h (75 mph) and gusts exceeding 140 km/h (87 mph).
Post-Landfall Weakening: After landfall, the cyclone unexpectedly weakened because it moved inland, transitioning from a “Very Severe Cyclonic Storm” to a “Cyclonic Storm” after which to a “Depression” within 24 hours.
Impact on Indian States of Cyclone Nivar
1. Tamil Nadu
Heavy Rainfall: Tamil Nadu experienced extreme rainfall, with a few areas receiving over two hundred mm (7.87 inches) of precipitation, main to flooding in several districts.
Wind Damage: Wind speeds exceeding one hundred twenty km/h (seventy five mph) brought on harm to buildings, trees, and strength lines, ensuing in huge strength outages.
Evacuations: The nation authorities evacuated lots of citizens from low-mendacity regions and coastal areas as a precautionary measure.
Infrastructure Damage: Roads, bridges, and railways suffered harm, hampering transportation and connectivity in affected regions.
Agricultural Losses: The heavy rains and robust winds destroyed crops, specially withinside the agricultural heartland of Tamil Nadu, main to giant economic losses for farmers.
2. Andhra Pradesh
Moderate Rainfall: While Andhra Pradesh obtained much less rainfall than Tamil Nadu, numerous districts pronounced giant precipitation, main to localized flooding.
Flooding in Coastal Areas: Coastal districts skilled inundation because of typhoon surges and heavy rains, affecting agriculture and livelihoods.
Disruption of Services: The typhoon disrupted power deliver and communique networks in a few areas, complicating rescue and comfort operations.
3. Puducherry
Severe Flooding: The Union Territory confronted extreme flooding, specifically in low-mendacity regions, which disrupted each day lifestyles and enterprise activities.
Evacuation and Relief: Local government undertook evacuations in inclined regions and initiated comfort operations to offer food and clinical help to affected residents.
Infrastructure Strain: Roads and public infrastructure had been seriously impacted, main to demanding situations in transportation and get right of entry to to crucial services.
4. Overall Impact
Loss of Lives: The cyclone claimed numerous lives because of flooding, falling trees, and infrastructure collapse, prompting issues over catastrophe preparedness.
Economic Impact: The monetary repercussions of Cyclone Nivar had been giant, specially in agriculture and infrastructure sectors, main to discussions on improving resilience and preparedness for future cyclones.
Emergency Response: The cyclone brought on fast motion from the authorities, which include the mobilization of catastrophe reaction groups and the status quo of comfort camps for affected individuals.
Damage to Infrastructure and Property of Cyclone Nivar
Power Outages: Cyclone Nivar prompted enormous strength outages throughout Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, and components of Andhra Pradesh. Power strains and transformers have been broken because of sturdy winds, main to disruptions in energy for numerous days.
Transportation Disruption: Roads and highways have been critically impacted via way of means of flooding and fallen trees. Several roads have become impassable, and principal transportation routes have been reduce off, disrupting the motion of human beings and goods.
Railway Services: Rail offerings have been briefly suspended in a few regions because of waterlogging on tracks and particles from the storm. Stations in affected areas have been additionally inundated, in addition delaying offerings.
Airport Operations: Airports in Chennai and Puducherry have been briefly closed throughout the cyclone, with flights being canceled or delayed, affecting each home and worldwide travel.
Damaged Buildings: Residential and business homes suffered sizable harm because of the cyclone`s excessive winds and torrential rain. Roofs have been blown off, partitions collapsed, and home windows shattered in lots of structures.
Flooding in Urban Areas: Major cities, inclusive of Chennai and Puducherry, skilled city flooding. Streets and neighborhoods have been submerged, inflicting harm to homes, businesses, and vehicles.
Agricultural Losses: Cyclone Nivar prompted intense harm to vegetation, inclusive of paddy, banana, and sugarcane fields, in particular in Tamil Nadu. The destruction of status vegetation caused enormous financial losses for farmers.
Telecommunication Services: Communication networks have been disrupted in affected regions as cellular towers have been broken, and community offerings have been down for numerous days, hampering coordination in alleviation efforts.
Water Supply Systems: In sure regions, water deliver structures have been disrupted as pipelines have been broken or infected because of the flooding, affecting the supply of ingesting water in affected areas.
Economic Impact of Cyclone Nivar
Agricultural Losses: Cyclone Nivar caused big harm to crops, specifically paddy, banana, and sugarcane, ensuing in vast financial losses for farmers in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
Property Damage: Thousands of homes, industrial buildings, and public infrastructure had been broken or destroyed, main to high repair and reconstruction prices.
Power Outages: Prolonged electricity cuts disrupted commercial enterprise sports and daily life, main to losses for industries and corporations, particularly withinside the manufacturing and services sectors.
Transport Disruption: The closure of roads, railways, and airports affected alternate and transport, delaying the motion of products and growing prices for corporations.
Fishing Industry: The cyclone critically affected the livelihoods of fishermen, with many boats and fishing equipment destroyed, main to lack of profits and resources.
Relief and Recovery Costs: Government spending on evacuation, comfort efforts, and reconstruction introduced a enormous monetary burden, diverting finances from different improvement projects.
Tourism Losses: The typhoon disrupted tourism sports in famous coastal areas like Puducherry, affecting nearby corporations that depend closely on tourism revenue.
Industrial Shutdowns: Industries in affected areas, which includes factories and manufacturing units, needed to close down operations because of flooding, electricity cuts, and broken infrastructure, main to financial losses.
Insurance Claims: The cyclone brought about a upward push in coverage claims for broken property, vehicles, and corporations, impacting coverage organizations and increasing costs.
Supply Chain Disruptions: The disruption in transportation and communique affected the deliver chain, inflicting delays withinside the distribution of crucial items and raw materials, main to increased costs for businesses.
Humanitarian Impact: Casualties and Relief Efforts of Cyclone Nivar
Casualties: Cyclone Nivar caused several fatalities due to flooding, fallen trees, and structural collapses, aleven though the demise toll became minimized due to well timed evacuations and warnings.
Injuries: Many people had been injured because of injuries associated with the cyclone, which includes falling debris, collapsed buildings, and injuries for the duration of evacuations.
Mass Evacuations: Over 200,000 people had been evacuated from coastal and low-mendacity regions in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Puducherry to secure shelters earlier than the cyclone made landfall.
Relief Camps: Temporary alleviation camps had been installation to house the evacuees, imparting shelter, food, water, and hospital treatment to the ones displaced with the aid of using the cyclone.
Food and Water Distribution: The authorities and humanitarian corporations disbursed food, ingesting water, and critical materials to affected groups, specially in flood-hit regions.
Medical Assistance: Health offerings had been mobilized to cope with accidents and save you the outbreak of waterborne diseases, with clinical groups dispatched to alleviation camps.
Volunteers and NGOs: Numerous NGOs and volunteer groups participated in alleviation efforts, dispensing food, clothing, and critical materials to the ones in need.
Rescue Operations: The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and country catastrophe reaction groups had been deployed to behavior rescue operations, helping human beings trapped in flooded regions and broken buildings.
Restoration of Basic Services: After the cyclone, efforts had been made to repair electricity, water supply, and communique networks, making sure that affected groups ought to resume daily life.
Long-term Support: Financial resource and assist packages had been introduced with the aid of using the authorities to assist rebuild homes, offer reimbursement for losses, and assist the livelihoods of these affected, specially farmers and fishermen.
Environmental Impact of Cyclone Nivar
Coastal Erosion: The strong winds and storm surges associated with Cyclone Nivar brought about massive coastal erosion, in particular in susceptible regions alongside the Tamil Nadu and Puducherry coastlines.
Flooding of Ecosystems: Heavy rainfall triggered good sized flooding in coastal and inland regions, affecting wetlands, mangroves, and river ecosystems. This disrupted the herbal habitats of numerous species.
Damage to Flora: The cyclone uprooted lots of trees, inflicting deforestation in city and rural regions. This loss of green cover impacted nearby biodiversity and elevated the chance of soil erosion.
Impact on Marine Life: The hurricane disturbed marine ecosystems, in particular in coastal regions. The turbulent sea situations and hurricane surges affected coral reefs and disrupted marine habitats, inclusive of fish breeding grounds.
Water Contamination: Flooding due to the cyclone brought about the infection of freshwater reassets with saltwater and pollutants, affecting the nice of ingesting water and harming aquatic existence in rivers and lakes.
Soil Erosion and Landslides: The extreme rainfall led to soil erosion, in particular in hilly regions, increasing the chance of landslides. This affected agricultural land and contributed to land degradation.
Agricultural Impact: The cyclone flooded agricultural fields, negative soil nice and destroying crops. The inundation brought about waterlogging, which can damage soil fertility and put off destiny planting cycles.
Mangrove Damage: Coastal mangrove forests, which function herbal buffers towards storms, have been broken via way of means of the robust winds and tidal surges, decreasing their ability to defend the shoreline withinside the future.
Wildlife Displacement: The cyclone disrupted herbal habitats, displacing natural world species, particularly birds and small mammals, and forcing them emigrate or locate new shelter.
Freqently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is Cyclone Nivar?
Cyclone Nivar was a severe cyclonic storm that hit the southern parts of India, inclusive of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Puducherry, in November 2020.
2. When did Cyclone Nivar make landfall?
Cyclone Nivar made landfall near Puducherry on November 25, 2020, round midnight.
3. Which areas were affected by Cyclone Nivar?
Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Puducherry have been the maximum affected regions.
4. How strong was Cyclone Nivar?
It become labeled as a intense cyclonic storm with wind speeds accomplishing as much as 120-130 km/h.
5. How many humans have been evacuated due to Cyclone Nivar?
Over 200,000 humans have been evacuated from coastal and low-lying regions to secure shelters.
