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Managing money is a tricky business, managing other people's money is not just tricky ; Its a lot challenging anddifficult Considering most people need guidance on where to invest , how to save taxes, the best insurance scheme , which fund to invest in, which stock to hold, which one to sell, how to plan children education and their own retirement. Finance experts are most sought after with a fast growing working population that earns well and needs expert handling of theirfinances.

Table Contents

1.  Various roles of Financial Expert

2.  Role of a Finance Manager

3.  Finance Manager

4.  Financial Planning and Analysis

5.  Financial Reporting

Various roles of Financial Expert:-

Investment / Merchant Banking- Investment banking comprises two major businesses. One is the advisory/ corporate finance role which entails mergers and acquisitions. This would entail understanding valuations, finding targets, negotiation and compliance with legal regulations. The second role is what is more popularly called equity markets role. This entails helping corporate raise funds from investors or the public. So it may entail working on IPOs or institutional offerings.

Corporate Banking- This role entails the entire plethora of banking services required by corporate. Corporate can be divided into largely two sections large corporate and MSME which is medium and small enterprises. A corporate banker would thus have companies as his clients and service them.

Fund Management- As a fund manager, one is an important decision maker typically at a mutual fund. He has a good overall understanding of the macro factors which affect the markets as well as the micro factors about which company to invest in. He invests money in stock market, debt market, directly into companies etc depending upon his fund mandate.

Equity Research & Sales- The role of equity research is to find out the correct value of the stock which is trading on the stock exchange doing various types of research namely fundamental and technical analysis.

Project Finance & Loan Syndication- His role entails arranging for long term finance for infrastructure and industrial projects which will take along time to pay back. The first step is to understand the project , conduct a feasibility study, risk assessment and a detailed financial model. This is done with the purpose to rope in equity partners and lenders.

Financial Risk Management- Financial risk management is the practice of creating economic value in a firm by using financial instruments to manage exposure to risk particularly credit risk and market risk.

Wealth Management- Wealth management is an investment advisory discipline that incorporates financial planning, investment portfolio management and a number of aggregated financial services. High net worth individuals, small business owners and families who desire the assistance of credential financial advisory specialist call upon wealth managers to coordinate retail banking, estate planing, legal resources, tax professionals and investment management

Role of a Finance Manager has changed Over the Years

The role of a finance manager has evolved significantly over the years due to advancements in technology, changes in the global economy, and the increasing complexity of financial regulations and reporting requirements. In the past, finance managers were primarily responsible for managing the financial operations of a company, including budgeting, forecasting, accounting, and reporting. However, with the advent of digital technologies, finance managers have had to adapt to new tools and techniques for analyzing data and managing financial operations.

Moreover, the global economy has become more interconnected, which has increased the complexity of financial transactions and reporting requirements. Finance managers must now be familiar with international tax laws, regulations, and financial reporting standards. In the future, the role of a finance manager is likely to continue evolving as the pace of technological change and globalization increases. The growing use of artificial intelligence and machine learning in financial management is likely to further streamline financial operations and improve accuracy.

Additionally, finance managers may need to develop expertise in areas such as sustainable finance and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, as investors and regulators increasingly demand greater transparency and accountability in corporate finance. Overall, the role of a finance manager will continue to be critical to the success of any organization, and professionals in this field will need to remain adaptable and proactive in order to stay ahead of changing trends and technologies.

Finance Manager

A finance manager is a professional who is responsible for managing the financial operations of a company. Their primary responsibilities may include:

Financial Planning and Analysis: Developing and managing the company's financial plans and budgets, including forecasting revenue and expenses.

Financial Reporting: Preparing financial statements and reports to provide accurate and timely information to stakeholders, including shareholders, investors, and management.

Cash Management: Managing the company's cash flow to ensure it has enough funds to meet its obligations and invest in growth opportunities.

Risk Management: Identifying and managing financial risks, such as credit risk, market risk, and liquidity risk.

Tax Planning and Compliance: Ensuring the company complies with tax laws and regulations and identifying tax planning opportunities to minimize tax liabilities.

Strategic Planning: Contributing to the development of the company's strategic plans and providing financial analysis to support decision-making.

To be successful in this role, a finance manager typically requires a strong understanding of accounting principles, financial analysis techniques, and financial regulations. They also need to have excellent communication and interpersonal skills, as they often work closely with other departments and stakeholders. Finance managers can work in a variety of industries, including banking, healthcare, technology, and manufacturing. The job typically requires a bachelor's degree in finance, accounting, or a related field, and many finance managers also have professional certifications such as CPA or CFA.

Financial Planning and Analysis

Financial Planning and Analysis (FP&A) is a crucial function within a company's finance department. It involves analyzing financial data, identifying trends, and developing forecasts to help guide the company's financial decision-making.

The primary responsibilities of an FP&A professional may include: Budgeting and Forecasting: Developing and managing the company's annual budget, as well as creating forecasts to project future financial performance.

Financial Analysis: Analyzing financial data to identify trends and opportunities for improvement, as well as providing insights to support decision-making.

Variance Analysis: Comparing actual financial results to budget and forecast to identify variances and determine the reasons for those variances.

Business Performance Reporting: Preparing financial reports and dashboards to provide management with key performance indicators (KPIs) that help track business performance.

Strategic Planning: Contributing to the development of the company's strategic plans by providing financial analysis to support decision-making.

To be successful in an FP&A role, professionals typically require strong analytical skills, financial modeling expertise, and knowledge of accounting principles and financial regulations. They also need excellent communication and interpersonal skills to work effectively with other departments and stakeholders. FP&A professionals can work in a variety of industries, including finance, healthcare, technology, and manufacturing. The job typically requires a bachelor's degree in finance, accounting, or a related field, and many FP&A professionals also have professional certifications such as CPA or CFA.

Financial Reporting

Financial reporting is the process of creating and distributing financial statements and other financial disclosures to stakeholders, such as shareholders, investors, and regulatory bodies. The purpose of financial reporting is to provide relevant and accurate financial information about a company's performance to help stakeholders make informed decisions.

The primary financial statements included in financial reporting are:

Balance Sheet: A snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time, showing assets, liabilities, and equity.

Income Statement: A report of a company's financial performance over a period of time, showing revenue, expenses, and net income.

Cash Flow Statement: A report of a company's cash inflows and outflows over a period of time, showing how the company generates and uses cash.

Other financial disclosures that may be included in financial reporting include footnotes to financial statements, management discussion and analysis, and auditor's reports.

Financial reporting is typically conducted in accordance with accounting principles and financial reporting standards, such as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

To be successful in financial reporting, professionals typically require strong accounting knowledge, attention to detail, and the ability to interpret and apply accounting standards and regulations. They also need excellent communication and interpersonal skills to work effectively with other departments, external auditors, and stakeholders.

Financial reporting professionals can work in a variety of industries, including finance, healthcare, technology, and manufacturing. The job typically requires a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, or a related field, and many financial reporting professionals also have professional certifications such as CPA or CA.

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